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1.
Rev. chil. radiol ; 24(2): 67-78, jul. 2018. ilus
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-959579

ABSTRACT

Los divertículos se pueden localizar en todo el tubo digestivo (TD): esófago, estómago, duodeno, yeyuno, íleon, apéndice, colon. Son infrecuentes, salvo en colon. Sus manifestaciones clínicas son inespecíficas, con difícil diagnóstico y mayor riesgo de complicaciones. Se presenta una serie de divertículos digestivos atípicos, mostrando las características imagenológicas multimodalidad y describir los hallazgos claves. Es una revisión retrospectiva en el archivo computacional de nuestra institución. Selección de casos de divertículos de presentación inhabitual por sus características, localización u origen. En esófago los divertículos de Zenker y Killian-Jamieson. En estómago los divertículos gástricos infrecuentes. Los divertículos en intestino delgado tienen baja prevalencia, el más frecuente en duodeno. Los divertículos colónicos pueden tener una localización o presentación atípica. Los divertículos apendiculares y Meckel presentan baja prevalencia. Los divertículos digestivos son infrecuentes, excepto los colónicos. El radiólogo debe estar familiarizado con las diferentes ubicaciones de ellos, para reconocerlos y poder diagnosticarlos.


Diverticula may occur in any segment of the digestive tract: esophagus, stomach, duodenum, jejunum, ileum, appendix, and colon. Its clinical manifestations are nonspecifi which may turn diffiult an early diagnosis, leading to a higher risk of complications. We present a cases serie of atypical digestive diverticula and to describe the fidings on the different imaging techniques. We performed a retrospective review on the imaging computer archives of our institution. The atypical diverticula were selected. Zenker and Killian-Jamieson's diverticulums in esophagus. In stomach ocasionally gastric diverticula. Diverticula in small intestine have a low prevalence, the most common location is duodenum. Colonic diverticula may present a atypical location or presentation. The appendicular and Meckel diverticuli are uncommon. The digestive diverticula are uncommon, except the colonic ones. The radiologist must be familiar with it's different locations in order to be able to recognize it and diagnose it properly.


Subject(s)
Humans , Diverticular Diseases/diagnostic imaging , Diverticulum, Stomach/diagnostic imaging , Diverticulosis, Esophageal/diagnostic imaging , Diverticulum, Colon/diagnostic imaging , Meckel Diverticulum/diagnostic imaging
2.
Rev. chil. radiol ; 21(3): 100-107, 2015. ilus
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-771669

ABSTRACT

Introduction. The swelling of the soft tissues can be studied with a variety of techniques, amongst which the emphasis is on high resolution ultrasound (US) for its high availability. Bone tumors are a very rare cause of increased volume in soft tissue. Before the ultrasound finding of a bone tumor it is important to try to specify their nature to determine the need for additional studies. Objective. To present an ultrasound schema that allows for a better diagnostic approach to the unusual finding of a bone tumor. Method. Retrospective study. All soft tissue ultrasound performed at our institution over a period of five years (2009-2013), were reviewed...


Introducción. El aumento de volumen de las partes blandas puede ser estudiado con una variedad de técnicas, entre ellas destaca el ultrasonido de alta resolución (US) por su alta disponibilidad. Los tumores óseos son una causa muy infrecuente de aumento de volumen de partes blandas. Ante el hallazgo ecográfico de una tumoración ósea es importante intentar especificar su naturaleza para determinar la necesidad de estudios complementarios. Objetivo. Presentar un esquema ecográfico que permita una mejor aproximación diagnóstica ante el hallazgo inusual de un tumor óseo. Método. Estudio retrospectivo. Se revisaron todos los US de partes blandas realizados en nuestra institución por un periodo de 5 años (2009-2013)...


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Adolescent , Adult , Female , Infant, Newborn , Infant , Child, Preschool , Child , Young Adult , Middle Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Bone Neoplasms , Osteochondroma , Osteoma
3.
Rev. chil. dermatol ; 30(2): 209-211, 2014. ilus
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-835953

ABSTRACT

El síndrome de CLOVES fue recientemente descrito en el 2007 por Sapp et al. y se caracteriza por la presencia de un sobre crecimiento lipomatoso de predominio troncal, malformaciones vasculares, nevo epidérmico y malformaciones esqueléticas, como escoliosis y variables alteraciones espinales. Estos fenómenos determinan su nombre, CLOVES, Congenital, Lipomatous, Overgrowth, Vascular malformations, Epidermal nevi,Skeletal/Scoliosis/Spinal abnormalities. Se produce por una alteración de origen genético, esporádico, pero no necesariamente heredable, secundario a una mutación somática en el periodo embrionario. Se describe un caso clínico de paciente portador de esta patología.


CLOVES syndrome was recently described in 2007 by Sapp et al. and is characterized by the presence of lipomatous growth mainly on trunk, vascular malformations, epidermal nevi, and skeletal malformations such as scoliosis and variables spinal abnormalities. These phenomena determine its name, CLOVES, congenital lipomatous overgrowth, Vascular malformations, Epidermal nevi, Skeletal / Scoliosis / Spinal abnormalities. It is produced by a genetic alteration, sporadic, but not necessarily heritable, CLOVES secondary to a somatic mutation in embryonic period. We described a clinical case of a patient with this condition.


Subject(s)
Humans , Infant, Newborn , Vascular Malformations/complications , Vascular Malformations/diagnosis , Nevus/etiology , Syndactyly/etiology , Abnormalities, Multiple , Syndrome
4.
Rev. chil. radiol ; 20(3): 91-95, 2014. ilus, graf
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-726151

ABSTRACT

Los estudios por imagen permiten diagnosticar y categorizar un tumor de glándula salival (GS). La punción con aguja fina (PAAF) es una herramienta diagnóstica. El ultrasonido (US) permite visualizar el tumor y guiar la aguja de PAAF. Objetivos: Describir la técnica de PAAF. Revisión retrospectiva de los resultados de PAAF bajo US en tumor de GS. Se analizaron 39 pacientes enviados a PAAF en 5 años. Resultados: 31 lesiones parotídeas y 8 submaxilares. 87 por ciento se presentaron como nódulo hipoecogénico y 69 por ciento con refuerzo posterior. Resultado cito-histológico de 36 PAAF realizadas: 29 lesiones benignas, 6 lesiones malignas, 1 punción frustra. No hubo complicaciones. 21 pacientes operados. Concordancia histológica 85 por ciento . No hubo falsos positivos para cáncer. En conclusión, PAAF bajo US es una herramienta diagnóstica en los tumores de GS.


Imaging studies allow the diagnosis and classification of a salivary gland (SG) tumor. Fine needle aspiration (FNA) is a diagnostic tool. Ultrasound (US) allows the visualization of the tumor and guidance of the needle in FNA. Objectives: To describe the FNA technique. A retrospective review of the results of ultrasound guided FNA in a SG tumor. 39 patients referred for FNA in 5 years, were analyzed. Results: 31 parotid and 8 submaxillary lesions. 87% presented as hypoechoic nodule and 69% with posterior acoustic enhancement. Cyto-histological results of 36 FNA performed: 29 benign lesions, 6 malignant lesions, one failed puncture. There were no complications. 21 operated patients. Histological concordance was 85%. There were no false positives for cancer. In conclusion, FNA using ultrasound is a diagnostic tool in GS tumors.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Adult , Female , Middle Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Biopsy, Fine-Needle/methods , Salivary Gland Neoplasms/pathology , Retrospective Studies , Salivary Glands
7.
Rev. chil. radiol ; 17(4): 154-158, 2011. ilus
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-627519

ABSTRACT

Thyroid nodular disease is a highly prevalent condition. Most nodules are asymptomatic and only identifiable on images. We have established a relationship between the particular spoke wheel pattern of thyroid masses and a benign histology. A review of our institutional database of thyroid punctured under ultrasound guidance, histologically studied between 2003 and 2011, was performed. Node selection criteria included: mixed /solid, round /oval, surrounded by a halo, with radial structures converging toward a central point, with or without calcifications, and with peripheral vessels along with others oriented toward the center of the thyroid masses. Seventy-nine (2.5 percent) out of 3.204 punctured masses exhibited this sign. Average size: 28.3 mm. Fifty-eight masses were benign colloid nodules as diagnosed on FNA biopsy. Remaining masses corresponded to Lesion Follicular (4 benign, surgically treated; 7 under follow-up, stable; 10 with no information). Despite being a rare radiologic finding, the spoke wheel sign may be another element contributing to ultrasonographic discrimination between benignity and malignancy, especially in large thyroid masses.


La patología nodular tiroidea es altamente prevalente. La mayoría de los nódulos son asintomáticos y solo identificados en imágenes. Hemos establecido la relación entre una morfología especial del nódulo en rueda de carreta e histología benigna. Se realizó una revisión de la base de datos de nódulos puncionados bajo US y estudiados histológicamente entre 2003 y 2011. Criterios de selección: nódulos mixtos/sólidos, redondos/ovales, rodeados por un halo, presentando estructuras convergentes hacia un punto central con o sin calcificaciones y vasos periféricos con otros orientados hacia el centro del nódulo. De 3.204 nódulos puncionados 79 (2,5 por ciento) presentaron el signo. Tamaño promedio: 28,3 mm. Cincuenta y ocho resultaron nódulos coloideos benignos en PAAF. El resto fueron informados como lesiones foliculares (4 operados benignos, 7 en seguimiento y estables, 10 sin información). Este signo es poco frecuente, pero puede ser un elemento más que colabore en la discriminación ecográfica de benignidad/malignidad, especialmente en nódulos tiroideos de gran tamaño.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Child , Adolescent , Adult , Middle Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Ultrasonography , Thyroid Nodule/pathology , Thyroid Nodule , Punctures , Retrospective Studies
8.
Rev. chil. pediatr ; 81(6): 523-530, dic. 2010. ilus, tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-583038

ABSTRACT

Infantile Hemangiomas (IH) are common vascular tumors in children. Only 10-15 percent) should be treated by any vital, functional or aesthetic complications. Oral corticosteroids are the treatment of choice. However, in the last two years an excellent response to treatment of hemangiomas with oral Propranolol has been reported. Objective: evaluate this new therapy in a limited number of chilean patients with IH with an indication of systemic treatment and present this experience. Patients and Methods: We present 30 cases of IH treated at our institution with oral Propranolol, using a dose of 2 mg/kg/day divided in 2 daily doses. Results: 11 percent of patients were female, 40 percent hemangiomas had segmental distribution, 90 percent were solitary, 61 percent were located in the head and neck and 23 percent were ulcerated. The treatment started at an average of 119 days of life and lasted for an average of 7 months. In all our patients the use of Propranolol accelerated the onset of involution of the hemangiomas and decreased color, brightness and growth too. 43 percent of the patients had irritability and sleep disorders. No significant adverse effects were reported in any of our patients. Conclusión: Propranolol treatment was highly effective and safe in our series of patients and we propose, taking into account published reports based on this data, it should become the treatment of choice for IH.


Los Hemangiomas de la Infancia (HI) son tumores vasculares frecuentes en la edad pediátrica. Sólo un 10-15 por cientoo debe ser tratado por eventuales consecuencias vitales, funcionales o estéticas. Los corticoides orales son el tratamiento de elección actual. Sin embargo, en los últimos 2 años se ha reportado la excelente respuesta de los hemangiomas al tratamiento con Propranolol oral. Objetivo: Evaluar esta nueva terapéutica en un número limitado de pacientes Chilenos con hemangiomas de la infancia con indicación de tratamiento sistémico y presentar esta experiencia. Pacientes y Método: Presentamos 30 casos de HI tratados en nuestra institución con Propranolol oral, usando una dosis de 2 mg/kg/día en 2 tomas diarias. Resultados: Un 77 por ciento de los pacientes eran de sexo femenino. El 40 por ciento de los hemangiomas eran segmentarios, 90 por ciento eran únicos, 67 por ciento estaban ubicados en cabeza y cuello y 23 por ciento estaban ulcerados. El tratamiento se inició en promedio a los 119 días de vida y duró en promedio 7 meses. En la totalidad de nuestros pacientes el uso de Propranolol aceleró el inicio de la involución del hemangioma y disminuyó el color, brillo y crecimiento. El 43 por ciento de los pacientes presentó irritabilidad y trastornos del sueño. No se presentaron efectos adversos importantes en ninguno de nuestros pacientes. Conclusión: El tratamiento con Propranolol fue altamente efectivo y seguro en nuestra serie de pacientes y proponemos, tomando en cuenta los reportes publicados al respecto, que debiera ser el tratamiento de elección para los hemangiomas de la infancia.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Child , Adrenergic beta-Antagonists/therapeutic use , Hemangioma/drug therapy , Skin Neoplasms/drug therapy , Thoracic Neoplasms/drug therapy , Head and Neck Neoplasms/drug therapy , Propranolol/therapeutic use , Administration, Oral , Adrenergic beta-Antagonists/administration & dosage , Propranolol/administration & dosage , Treatment Outcome
10.
Rev. méd. Chile ; 134(1): 85-89, ene. 2006. ilus
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-426123

ABSTRACT

We report a 42 years old female that presented with abdominal pain and no palpable mass. Imaging abdominal ultrasound, CAT scan and magnetic resonance showed a solid tumor located in the retroperitoneum. The patient was operated on excising the tumor. Pathological examination of the surgical piece disclosed a retroperitoneal fibromatosis or desmoid tumor. Postoperative evolution of the patient was uneventful and she was discharged 12 days after the surgical procedure.


Subject(s)
Adult , Female , Humans , Fibromatosis, Abdominal/diagnosis , Retroperitoneal Neoplasms/diagnosis , Fibromatosis, Abdominal/pathology , Fibromatosis, Abdominal/surgery , Magnetic Resonance Imaging , Retroperitoneal Neoplasms/pathology , Retroperitoneal Neoplasms/surgery , Tomography, X-Ray Computed , Treatment Outcome
11.
Rev. chil. radiol ; 10(2): 81-88, 2004. ilus
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-387584

ABSTRACT

La ecotomografía de alta resolución permite una buena demostración de las distintas capas de la piel permitiendo el estudio de las lesiones que la afectan. Se revisa la anatomía y representación ecotomográfica de la piel normal y patológica. El tamaño, características morfológicas, ubicación y capas de la piel comprometidas, así como su patrón vascular son bien estudiados con ultrasonografía, siendo posible en algunos casos llegar a un diagnóstico etiológico. Es también una buena herramienta para guiar estudios biopsicos. Se analizan las lesiones más frecuentes: quistes de la unidad pilosebácea, lipomas, hemangiomas, linfangiomas, pilomatrixomas, bursitis, granulomas por cuerpo extraños y adenopatías.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Skin Diseases , Skin Neoplasms , Ultrasonography , Bursitis , Ganglia/pathology , Ganglia , Hemangioma , Lymphangioma , Lipoma , Lymph Nodes , Pilomatrixoma , Soft Tissue Neoplasms
12.
Rev. chil. radiol ; 9(4): 196-200, 2003. ilus
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-435666

ABSTRACT

La infección por actinomices ha sido llamada "la gran imitadora" en la práctica clínica. La actinomicosis es una infección crónica supurativa debido a gérmenes gram positivos, anaerobios, no esporulados. Habita normalmente en las mucosa oral, gastrointestinal, genitales. Las infecciones oportunistas ocurren cuando se rompen las barreras mucosas, ocasionando la formación de abscesos, fístulas o masas. La actinomicosis tiene tres grandes presentaciones clínicas: cervicofacial, torácica y abdomino-pélvica. Se presenta un caso de actinomices abdomino-pélvica.


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Middle Aged , Actinomycosis , Pelvic Inflammatory Disease/microbiology , Abdomen/microbiology , Abscess/microbiology , Actinomycosis/diagnosis , Actinomycosis/epidemiology , Actinomycosis/pathology , Chronic Disease , Intrauterine Devices/adverse effects , Gram-Positive Bacterial Infections , Pelvis/microbiology
13.
Rev. méd. Chile ; 129(1): 81-5, ene. 2001. ilus
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-282119

ABSTRACT

We report a 52 year old man with a pancreatic pseudocyst, that was admitted with severe abdominal pain, severe vomiting, fever and malaise. The clinical picture was considered secondary to a pseudocyst infection and the patient was operated, draining the infected cyst performing a necrosectomy and pancreatocystojejunostomy. Forty eight hours after the operation, an ostomy bleeding was detected. A upper mesenteric artery angiography showed two pseudoaneurysms in the gastroduodenal artery, that were embolized. Bleeding stopped initially, but seven days later, it reappeard. The patient was subjected to an emergency pancreatoduodenectomy. Postoperative evolution was uneventful and the patient was discharged two weeks later. Spontaneous bleeding of pseudoaneurysms secondary to chronic pancreatitis is a complication with a 15 to 40 percent mortality that must be bore in mind


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Pancreatitis/complications , Aneurysm, Ruptured/complications , Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage/etiology , Pancreatitis/surgery , Pancreaticoduodenectomy , Aneurysm/etiology , Rupture, Spontaneous , Pancreatic Pseudocyst/complications
15.
Rev. méd. Chile ; 128(6): 601-7, jun. 2000. ilus
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-268143

ABSTRACT

Background: Torsion of appendices epiplocae leads to an ischemic infarct of surrounding adipose tissue, causing a syndrome, called Òprimary epiploic appendagitisÓ characterized by acute abdominal pain that can simulate a surgical clinical picture. Aim: To describe the clinical picture, ultrasonographic and computed tomographic features of primary epiploic appendagitis. Material and methods: A report of patients with acute abdominal pain whose diagnosis was a primary epiploic appendagitis, diagnosed and treated in a period of 48 months. Results: fifty five patients (45 males) aged 16 to 76 years old are reported. Their clinical presentation was acute abdominal pain in the left abdominal quadrant in 48, pain in the right lower quadrant in 4 and epigastric pain in two. Two had mild fever and 12 had nausea. Ten perform physical activities prior to the onset of pain. Imaging examinations showed a 1.5 to 5 cm diameter, uncompressible small mass of adipose origin, located anteriorly and anterolaterally, between the colon and the abdominal wall. There were inflammatory phenomena surrounding the lesion and thickening of the neighboring parietal peritoneum. In all cases, the mass gradually subsided with medical treatment. Conclusions: Primary epiploic appendagitis is a relatively frequent cause of spontaneously resolving abdominal pain. It is diagnosed by ultrasound or CT scanning


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adolescent , Adult , Middle Aged , Appendiceal Neoplasms/pathology , Appendicitis/pathology , Colon/pathology , Abdomen, Acute/etiology , Diagnosis, Differential , Point-of-Care Systems
16.
Rev. méd. Chile ; 128(4): 419-24, abr. 2000. ilus
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-263712

ABSTRACT

Background: Soft tissue foreign bodies are a frequent cause of consultation in emergency rooms. It is difficult to verify their existence since conventional radiology only detects radio opaque objects. Ultrasound can be a useful diagnostic procedure. Aim: To report our experience in the detection of soft tissue foreign bodies by ultrasound examination. Patients and methods: The ultrasonographic appearance of vegetables, glass and plastic, metal, bone and stones was studied in gelatin preparations. In a second stage, 52 patients (27 male, aged 3 to 88 years old) were studied, in whom the presence of a soft tissue foreign body was confirmed surgically. Results: The mean error of the procedure for the assessment of foreign body size was 0.2 mm in vitro and 0.5 mm in vivo. The deepness and involved planes were correctly diagnosed in 96 percent, the number of fragments were diagnosed correctly in 94 percent of cases. The type of foreign body was identified correctly in 77 percent of cases and complications were detected in 100 percent of cases. Conclusions: Ultrasound is a sensitive and accurate method for the detection of soft tissue foreign bodies


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Child, Preschool , Adolescent , Adult , Middle Aged , Soft Tissue Injuries , Foreign Bodies , Ultrasonography
17.
Rev. chil. radiol ; 6(2): 50-6, 2000. ilus
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-277183

ABSTRACT

Los exámenes por imagen son de gran utilidad para precisar el grado y extensión del trauma orbitario y de sus complicaciones intracraneanas. En esta comunicación se revisan las características imagenológicas de las lesiones traumáticas más frecuentes de la pared orbitaria y de su contenido


Subject(s)
Humans , Orbital Fractures , Eye Foreign Bodies , Orbital Fractures , Orbital Fractures/complications , Tomography, X-Ray Computed/methods
18.
Rev. méd. Chile ; 127(12): 1493-6, dic. 1999. ilus
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-258075

ABSTRACT

We report a 58 years old male, presenting with malaise, weight loss and jaundice. An abdominal ultrasound showed multiple lymphadenopathies in the hepatic hilus and around the pancreas. Fine needle aspiration of these nodes demonstrated an undifferentiated carcinoma. Prostate specific antigen was over 100 ng/ml and a prostate biopsy demonstrated a high grade carcinoma. The patient was subjected to an orchiectomy and hormone therapy (flutamide). Jaundice subsided and he is well after 3 years of follow up and maintained hormone therapy


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Prostatic Neoplasms/complications , Cholestasis/complications , Prostate-Specific Antigen/analysis , Lymphatic Metastasis/physiopathology
19.
Rev. chil. cir ; 50(6): 664-6, dic. 1998.
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-243822

ABSTRACT

Es inusual la identidad de bazo errante, la cual se presenta en ambos sexos y a cualquiera edad, siendo más frecuente en mujeres de edad reproductiva y en niños. Probablemente sea el resultado de una anomalía congénita en el desarrollo del mesogastrio dorsal. Presentamos el caso de una mujer de 23 años que consulta por dolor abdominal intermitente de inicio brusco e intensidad importante de dos meses de evolución; el examen físico destaca una masa que ocupa el cuadrante inferior del abdomen. Ecografía Doppler abdominal demuestra ausencia de bazo en región subfrénica izquierda, ubicando masa esplénica en fosa ilíaca izuierda con imágenes compatibles con torsión de íleo esplénico. Tomografía axial computada y cintigrafía corroboran dicha información. Se realiza esplenectomía sin dificultad, con evolución postoperatoria satisfactoria


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Adult , Splenectomy , Splenic Diseases/surgery , Appendectomy , Laparotomy , Splenic Diseases
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